What are the key components of democracy introduced by ancient Athens?

The correct answer highlights the essential features of democracy as they were first practiced in ancient Athens. In this early form of democracy, citizens were actively involved in the decision-making processes. They did not just elect representatives; instead, they participated directly in assemblies where laws and policies were debated and voted on. This system emphasized civic duty, as it was considered a responsibility of citizens to engage in governance and contribute to the welfare of the polis, or city-state.

This approach to democracy allowed for broader participation and ensured that the political power was not concentrated in the hands of a few, unlike other systems that favored singular authoritative control. The values of civic engagement and direct participatory governance established in Athens have left a lasting legacy in modern democratic practices, where the involvement of citizens in their government remains a fundamental principle.

In contrast, the other options present forms of governance that lack the democratic element of citizen involvement. A single leader with absolute power represents autocracy rather than democracy, while military control indicates a regime based on coercion rather than civic participation. Mandatory public service in agriculture does not reflect the broad civic engagement necessary for a democratic society.