What is imperialism?

Imperialism refers to the policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force. It often involves establishing control over foreign territories, either through direct territorial acquisition or by exerting influence over the political or economic life of other regions. Countries engaged in imperialism typically seek to expand their economic interests, spread their cultural values, and enhance their geopolitical power.

This concept is central to understanding various historical events and movements, as it underpinned the expansion of empires, particularly during the 19th and early 20th centuries. For example, many Western nations pursued imperialist policies that resulted in the colonization of Africa and Asia, influencing global trade patterns and international relations.

The other options do not fully encapsulate the essence of imperialism. Isolationism refers to a policy of remaining apart from the affairs or interests of other groups, particularly in political contexts. Annexing territories is a specific action that could fall under imperialism but does not represent the broader policy implications. Forming alliances involves establishing cooperative agreements between countries, which, while potentially related, does not capture the essence of the power dynamics central to imperialism.