What major ideology arose in the 19th century advocating for workers' rights and social equality?

The correct answer is Socialism, which emerged in the 19th century as a response to the significant social and economic changes brought about by the Industrial Revolution. This ideology advocates for the rights of workers and aims for social equality through collective or governmental ownership of the means of production. Socialism emphasizes the importance of fair labor practices, the well-being of the working class, and the idea that wealth should be distributed more evenly across society to eliminate economic disparities.

During this period, many labor movements were also taking shape, motivated by the plight of workers facing long hours, low wages, and poor working conditions. Socialists sought to address these issues by promoting reforms and advocating for policies that would lead to greater social justice. The influence of socialist thought can be seen in subsequent labor laws and social programs that aimed to improve the living conditions of the working class.

In contrast, Capitalism, while prevalent during the same time, focuses on private ownership and market-driven economics, which can sometimes lead to inequalities. Liberalism emphasizes individual freedoms and democratic governance but does not inherently address issues of social and economic equality as directly as socialism does. Fascism represents an authoritarian regime often characterized by extreme nationalism and does not align with the ideals of workers' rights and social equality esp