What pivotal role did Mahatma Gandhi play in India's history?

Mahatma Gandhi's pivotal role in India's history centers on his leadership of non-violent resistance against British colonial rule. Through methods such as civil disobedience and peaceful protests, Gandhi galvanized millions of Indians in the struggle for independence. His philosophy of non-violence, or "Ahimsa," was revolutionary and emphasized the power of non-violent action to bring about social and political change. Gandhi's methods inspired countless movements and leaders worldwide, promoting the idea that justice can be achieved through peaceful means. His leadership helped to unify various factions within India and mobilized Indian society against colonial oppression, ultimately contributing to India's independence in 1947.

In contrast, military campaigns and the establishment of a monarchy do not align with Gandhi's principles or actions. Additionally, while Gandhi was a prominent political figure, his legacy is not tied to the arts, as he is renowned primarily for his contributions to social and political activism in the context of Indian history.