What transformation did the Industrial Revolution bring to society?

The Industrial Revolution marked a significant transformation in society, primarily characterized by the shift from agrarian economies, where agriculture played a central role, to industrial economies focused on manufacturing and production. This transition not only emphasized the importance of factories and mechanized production but also led to widespread urbanization. As industries grew, people moved from rural areas to urban centers in search of jobs, transforming demographic patterns and the very structure of society.

Urbanization was a key consequence of this transformation, resulting in cities expanding rapidly as populations swelled due to migration from the countryside. This movement fundamentally reshaped social interactions, economic practices, and living conditions, creating a new urban working class and fundamentally altering social hierarchies.

While increased agricultural productivity did occur during the period, it was not the primary transformation associated with the Industrial Revolution but rather one of the effects of earlier agricultural improvements. The establishment of feudal systems is unrelated to the Industrial Revolution, as this system was more associated with the medieval era, preceding the transition to industrial economies. Thus, the essence of the correct answer lies in its representation of the broader societal shifts that came with industrialization and urban growth during this pivotal historical period.