Which of the following is a lasting legacy of Greco-Roman ethics and innovations?

The establishment of national citizenship as a privilege is a significant legacy of Greco-Roman ethics and innovations. In ancient Greece and Rome, the concept of citizenship was pivotal to the social and political fabric of these societies. Citizens had specific rights and responsibilities, contributing to the development of democratic principles and civic participation that have influenced modern political systems.

This notion of citizenship laid the groundwork for later ideas about national identity and belonging, instilling the importance of civic duty and legal rights that we associate with citizenship today. Such ideas evolved through centuries and formed the basis for contemporary understandings of citizenship, including rights to vote, own property, and participate in governance.

The other choices represent concepts that do not reflect the core values of Greco-Roman ethics. For example, solitary confinement in prisons is a modern penal innovation rather than a Greco-Roman practice. Public competitions, particularly in the form of the Olympic Games in ancient Greece, were celebrated events, not prohibited. Similarly, monarchies were often at odds with the democratic ideals fostered in Greco-Roman societies, where a more republican form of governance was explored, particularly in Rome. Thus, the enduring legacy of citizenship deeply aligns with the historical context and ethical evolution derived from Greco-Roman traditions.