Which religious text helped to clarify standards of ethics in Judaism?

The Torah is the foundational text that outlines the laws, teachings, and ethical standards central to Jewish tradition. It consists of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, known as the Pentateuch, and delineates the moral and ethical conduct expected from followers.

Within the Torah, various laws and commandments address a wide range of human behavior, including justice, compassion, and community responsibilities. This framework not only provides guidelines for individual conduct but also establishes communal norms that shape Jewish identity and social interaction.

The other texts listed, while significant within their own religious contexts, do not have the same foundational role in Judaism. The Bhagavad Gita is a key scripture in Hinduism, the Quran is the holy book of Islam, and the New Testament is central to Christianity. Each of these texts informs the ethical beliefs of their respective religions but does not pertain specifically to Jewish ethical standards as laid out in the Torah.