Who is credited with starting the Reformation in Europe?

Martin Luther is credited with starting the Reformation in Europe due to his pivotal role in challenging the practices of the Catholic Church, particularly the selling of indulgences. In 1517, he famously posted his Ninety-Five Theses on the door of the Wittenberg Church, which called for a debate on these practices and criticized the Church's authority. This act is widely considered the spark that ignited the Protestant Reformation, leading to a significant religious shift in Europe.

Luther's actions emphasized the importance of personal faith and the interpretation of Scripture, which resonated with many people disillusioned with the Church's corruption. His translation of the Bible into German also made the scriptures more accessible to the general populace, further promoting the Reformation's ideals. This movement ultimately led to the establishment of various Protestant denominations and a major transformation in European Christianity.