Who was the last Greek ruler of Egypt known for her romantic involvement with Julius Caesar and Mark Antony?

Cleopatra, known as the last active ruler of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt, is renowned for her political acumen and her significant romantic relationships with powerful Roman leaders Julius Caesar and Mark Antony. Cleopatra's relationships were not merely personal; they were strategic alliances, aimed at securing her throne and the future of Egypt amidst the growing power of Rome. Her involvement with Caesar, whom she met when he arrived in Egypt, solidified her position, and their son, Caesarion, represented a potential link between the Roman and Egyptian powers.

Later, her liaison with Mark Antony further integrated Egyptian interests with those of Rome, particularly as they faced opposition from Octavian (later Augustus). Ultimately, Cleopatra's reign ended with her defeat alongside Antony at the Battle of Actium and Egypt's subsequent annexation into the Roman Empire. This event marked the end of the Hellenistic age and the dominance of the Ptolemaic dynasty, making Cleopatra a significant figure in both Egyptian and Roman history.