Who wrote "The Communist Manifesto"?

The correct answer is that "The Communist Manifesto" was written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. This influential political document was published in 1848 and is considered one of the foundational texts of modern communism. The manifesto critiques the capitalist system and discusses the class struggle between the bourgeoisie (capitalist class) and the proletariat (working class).

Marx and Engels argue for the necessity of the working class to unite and overthrow the capitalist system to establish a classless society. The text has had a profound impact on political thought and movements worldwide, shaping the course of various socialist and communist movements throughout history.

Understanding the joint authorship of this document is crucial, as both Marx and Engels contributed to its philosophy and objectives, emphasizing the importance of collaboration in revolutionary thought. The other individuals mentioned in the choices, while significant in their own rights—Nietzsche and Orwell took different philosophical stances, and Smith is known for his contributions to capitalism—do not relate directly to the origins or ideas presented in "The Communist Manifesto."